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Why do landline telephone lines take up to 15 seconds to hang up a call?

Q.

On most PSTN telephone lines it seems, if a called party tries to hang up on a call but the caller keeps the line open, the call still stays connected for over 15 seconds. This lets the caller forcibly keep the callee’s line occupied. (But when the caller hangs up, the line is immediately released.) Why do phone companies do this to their called parties? Is there some kind of standard in the telecom industry that says that called parties, and not the caller, shouldn’t be able to disconnect their call until being on-hook for over 15 seconds?

A.

The reason this occurs is due to the equipment used to switch phone lines on and off. Some areas (usually rural areas) still have analog phone switching equipment – a mechanical relay is used to route the calls at the switch. It takes several seconds for the relays to release after a call. If one side of the circuit (phone line) remains open, the relay stays closed (connected). This doesn’t apply to newer, digital phone switches.

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Build a Gaming PC for $500

Metro 2033 is one of my favorite PC games in the last few years. I could play it for days, and have.

Many of you think Metro 2033 will take some exotic hardware to run properly, but that’s not really the case. You can build a PC from scratch for about $500 that will run games like Metro 2033, Crysis 2, Far Cry 2, and most others with relative ease.

Now you might not be able to run the games at max settings, but for the money, you’ll get a really solid experience with DirectX 10 and DirectX 11 games. I play Far Cry 2 on a similar system, minus two CPU cores, and it runs great with the settings well tailored for my 22″ LCD. Super high resolutions or heavy Anti-Aliasing settings would require slightly more in the video card department than what’s described, but not by much.

What we’re talking about here is the computer, and not a fancy one – it’s designed to give you enough power to run the newest games, while costing about $300 less than buying a similar PC “off the shelf”. You’ll have to supply your own OS (a dual boot XP/Windows 7 is recommended), monitor, keyboard, mouse, and speakers – which makes this computer a perfect choice for upgrading an old, but otherwise well working computer system. I would suggest at least a 19″ monitor for playing these types of games.

The cost of all the parts is from Newegg.com, and the links go directly to the product page.




HEC 6K28BS Black / Silver Computer Case ($35)

HEC 6K28BS Black / Silver Computer Case

HEC 6K28BS Black / Silver Computer Case

Now, this case might not look like much…well, it isn’t. It’s just a solid small form factor desktop case, with plenty of room for our needs. The stock power supply will not be used – they’re simply not enough power for this setup.




COOLMAX MP Series MP-550B 550W Power Supply ($60)

COOLMAX MP Series MP-550B 550W Power Supply compatible with core i7

The CoolMax MP-550B is good, efficient (80 Plus) power supply that will provide more than enough juice to power the components listed here. A more powerful video card would justify something closer to 650 watts, but the 550 will power everything listed here very well.




BIOSTAR A780L3L Micro ATX AMD Motherboard ($50)

BIOSTAR A780L3L Micro ATX AMD Motherboard

Biostar isn’t usually a name that brings about notions of a “performance” PC motherboard, and they shouldn’t – Biostar motherboards are cheap. They don’t have a lot of bells and whistles, but they get the job done. The A780L3L is a decent quality motherboard with 16x PCI Express 2.0 and support for our Quad Core AMD and DDR3 memory.




AMD Athlon II X4 640 3.0GHz Socket AM3 95W Quad-Core Desktop Processor ($100)

AMD Athlon II X4 640 3.0GHz Socket AM3 95W Quad-Core Desktop Processor

The CPU is an AMD Quad Core 3.0Ghz, more than enough power for almost any game. This is also a 95 watt CPU, which creates less heat, and less draw on the power supply.




GeIL Value PLUS 4GB (2 x 2GB) 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 1600 (PC3 12800) Desktop Memory ($46)

GeIL Value PLUS 4GB (2 x 2GB) 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 1600 (PC3 12800) Desktop Memory

The GeIL 2 x 2GB DDR3 kit is a simple, 4GB 1600mhz memory kit. We’ll be running the ram at 1333 for stability’s sake, but it’s nice to know the extra wiggle room is there in case we decide to look into overclocking this rig in the future.




PowerColor Radeon HD 5770 AX5770 1GBD5-H Video Card ($120)

PowerColor Radeon HD 5770 AX5770 1GBD5-H Video Card

Aside from the CPU, the Video Card is probably the biggest bang-for-your-buck performance part in a gaming PC. The PowerColor AX5770 is a really good card for the price. It features 1GB of GDDR5 memory, a core running at 850mhz, HDMI and D-SUB connections, and DirectX11 support. It’s enough video card to play most games reasonably well, though there is certainly room for improvement (and more $).



Rounding off the build are the hard drive and optical drive. Any SATA drive running at 7,200RPM will work fine for gaming. I prefer sub-500GB drives, only because they seem to have the least amount of issues with longevity. Seagate is my favorite vendor for hard drives – when a drive goes bad (and they do), Seagate’s RMA process is painless. For this build we picked a Seagate Barracuda ST3320418AS 320GB Drive, weighing in at $45.

As for the optical drive, at first we opted for an average DVD+/-RW drive, but with many new movies (and soon enough, games) coming out on BluRay, we decided on a DVD Combo drive with the ability to at least read BluRay disks. This simple LITE-ON unit serves the purpose, for about $48.



And there you have it folks – a sturdy workhorse of a gaming PC, capable of filling your Metro 2033, Far Cry 2, and Crysis 2 gaming needs, for about $500 and a few hours of assembly time.

And because it’s Newegg.com, you’ll actually save a few more buck, as most of these parts also come with mail in rebates.

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Gift Guide: 5 Great Gifts For The Holidays, All Under $100

With the holidays upon us, shopping for our loved ones is inevitable. These days, it’s hard to find the “right” gift – something that’s cool or useful, and doesn’t cost a fortune.

Luckily, there are some great choices for gifts that run less than $100, are good for everyone, and are things people actually want to have!


First up is a personal favorite of mine. I love digital cameras. I think they are one of the greatest inventions ever made. It can be hard to sort out the best options and models, but you can always count on Kodak to deliver. Their EasyShare C195 proves the point – it’s a lot of camera for not a lot of cash. Check it out:

Kodak EasyShare C195 14 Megapixel Compact Camera - Blue

Zoom in on life’s greatest moments and share them quickly and easily with the Kodak EasyShare C195 ($99.95) Digital Camera. With 5X optical zoom and Kodak’s Smart Capture feature, you’ll be shooting top – notch pictures with ease. And, when you press Kodak’s Share button, you can instantly tag and then share those pictures with the world. The C195 – giving you beautiful pictures to share at an attractive price. The real Kodak moment happens when you share.
Kodak Website – C195 Specifications




I love tablets. Not quite a computer, not quite a cell phone, not quite a MP4 player, not quite an eBook reader, not quite a netbook – but better than all of them combined. And when you add the Android operating system, you have one of the best all around, easy to use personal data devices ever made. This is one of my favorites:

Archos - 28 Internet Tablet - 4GB Running Google ANDROID + Wi-Fi (501562)

The Archos 28 ($95) is the first WiFi connected Android™ device to offer a compact form factor with a 2.8 inch touch-screen. The Archos 28 has a wide range of features such as video, Internet browsing and tons of applications downloadable from AppsLib, as well as a music application every player of this size deserves.

Who doesn’t have a few minutes to watch a little video? The Archos 28 answers this need with its video player application that supports all the popular video formats.
Archos Website – Archos 28 Specifications


eBook Readers are all the rage this holiday season. Their small size, light weight design is great for reading on the go, and the Ectaco jetBook mini is a great example for a low price.

The jetBook mini ($90) is the most affordable, lightest, and versatile eBook reader ever made. Tweaking energy consumption to its absolute minimum, the jetBook mini now runs on 4 AAA batteries (Energizer batteries included) and lasts up to 90 hours of continuous reading and 2 years in standby mode! It boasts the signature 5″ TFT screen but now weighs only 5.8 ounces – making it the lightest eReader to date. New features have now been added including all-way reading angles for righties and lefties, multi-language interface options, line spacing, built-in clock, adjustable font sizes and line breaks. As the most affordable e book reader in the world it makes as a perfect gift for you and your loved ones!

ECTACO jetBook mini Anthracite Black

Ectaco Website – jetMini Specifications


The ability to play music and video on a portable is cool. Having 16GB of portable media with a 4.3 ” screen is like having a theater in your pocket. This little guy packs a lot of storage and screen size into a small price.

The Mach Speed Player Trio TCH1643 ($88) comes with 16GB of storage, the ability to play all the most popular audio and video formats, and enough power for 5 hours of continuous video or 30 hours of audio playback.

Supported Formats Include: (Audio) MP3 / WMA / WAV / FLAC / APE, (Video) AVI / RM / RMVB / FLV / DAT, (Picture) BMP / JPEG / GIF. The TFT Touchscreen measures 4.3″ with a resolution of 272 x 480.

Mach Speed 4.3

MachSpeed Website – TCH1643 Specifications


Blu-Ray is the dominate media for HD Videos. For the last few years, Blu-Ray players were above the $100, but this season Toshiba has a treat for you.

The Toshiba BDX1100 Blu-ray Disc Player ($92) is a sub-$100 player that includes the most common features:

1080p – Full HD
SDHC Memory Support
Ethernet Support
HDMI Output
Dolby Digital Audio

Toshiba BDX1100 Blu-ray Disc Player - 1 Disc(s) - Dolby Digital, Dolby Digital Plus, Dolby TrueHD, DTS, DTS HD

1080p output provides an amazing cinema experience in the comfort of your own home. BD-Live opens up a world of online features, with a convenient SD Card Slot for storing saved content. HDMI-CEC connects the BDX1100 and your HDTV for convenient two-way control with one remote.


And there you have it folks. Five gadgets you can actually justify spending $100 or less on. Whether it’s a treat for yourself, or a gift for your loved ones, these products provide useful features at affordable prices. And, let’s face it – they’re cool :)

Whether or not you plan on buying these products, do everyone a favor and share this page with some friends, and remember – great gifts that people really want don’t have to cost a fortune!

Happy Holidays from the staff at One Stop Technology Shop!

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